Impact of Intelligent Demand Response for Load Frequency Control in Smart Grid Perspective

Abstract

Due to the advent of modern power technology in a wide area monitoring system (WAMS), demand response (DR) will play a vital role in the development of future power grid. A number of studies in the literature have presented several advantages and applications of DR with economical and societal benefits of a power system. However, very few studies have presented the impact of intelligent DR, especially in load frequency control (LFC) with renewable resource (RR) in Smart grid (SG) perspective. The participation of DR control loop and supplementary control (SC) loop for different load variations is presented for the system under study. In this paper, an effort has been made to present the impact of intelligent DR control loop with communication delay in a single area thermal power system integrated with a wind power generation system. Furthermore, this paper introduces a linear matrix inequality with linear quadratic regulator (LMI-LQR) controller as a coordinator between DR loop and SC loop to minimize the frequency deviation caused by communication delays. The results of this study validate the feasibility of the proposed control, as well as the capability of the DR loop for the operation of LFC in SG perspective.

Keywords:

• Communication delay
• Demand response
• LMI-LQR controller
• Load frequency control
• Padé approximation

Additional information

Funding

This work was financially supported by the collaborative Research and Innovation Programme (CRIP) of the Abdul Kalam Technical University (AKTU), Lucknow, under Projects grant number AKTU/Dean-PGSR/2019/CRIP/16 from TEQIP-III.

Notes on contributors

Kamlesh Bharti

Kamlesh Bharti received his MTech degree in power electronics from the MNNIT, Allahabad, India, in 2010. He is at present a PhD scholar at AKTU, Lucknow. His research areas include smart grid, demand response, distributed generations, and renewable energy resources. Email: [email protected]

Vijay P. Singh

Vijay Pratap Singh received his PhD degree from the MNNIT, Allahabad, India, in 2017. Presently, he is working as an assistant professor in Rajkiya Engineering College, Sonbhadra. His research areas include robust control applications in load frequency control and power quality in distributed generations and renewable energy resources.

S. P. Singh

S P Singh received his PhD degree from NIT, Allahabad, India. Currently, he is an associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering Rajkiya Engineering College Ambedkar Nagar, India. His research areas include renewable energy and grid interface, power converters, power applications in power systems, and power quality. Email: [email protected]