HHO-based Model Predictive Controller for Combined Voltage and Frequency Control Problem Including SMES

Abstract

This paper discusses the modelling and control of a combined load frequency control (LFC) and automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system for a multi-area power system network with each generating area includes thermal, diesel, and solar thermal power plant. Superconducting magnetic energy storage is incorporated with the LFC loop to provide auxiliary control against instantaneous changes in active power demand. Model Predictive Controller (MPC) has been employed in this study to improve the performance of AVR and LFC loops, and controller weights are fine-tuned with the help of Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) approach. The effectiveness of the proposed MPC-HHO algorithm has been examined by comparing its transient performance indices with that of conventional MPC, PID, FOPID, fuzzy PID, integral double derivative with derivative filter controller as well as Particle Swarm Optimization and Sine Cosine Algorithm based Model Predictive Controllers. The proposed MPC-HHO controller gives superior results than the above-mentioned controllers.

Keywords:

• Auxiliary load frequency control
• Harris Hawks optimization
• Load frequency control
• Meta-heuristic optimization
• Model predictive control
• Voltage regulation

Additional information

Funding

This work has been sponsored by the H. P. Council for Science, Technology & Environment (HIMCOSTE), SCST & E (R&D)/2019-20, under project [grant number STC/F(8)-6/2019(R&D 2019-20)-408], H. P., India, sanctioned to the second author.

Notes on contributors

Vineet Kumar

Vineet Kumar received his BTech degree in electrical and electronics engineering from UCER, Greater Noida, India in 2015, and Mtech degree in signal processing and control from NIT Hamirpur, India in 2019. He is currently a research scholar in Electrical Engineering Department, NIT Hamirpur, India. His research area includes simultaneous frequency and voltage control in power systems.

Veena Sharma

Veena Sharma received her BTech degree in electrical engineering from REC Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India, in 1990, and MTech degree in instrumentation and control engineering from Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, India, in 1993 and PhD from Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, in 2006. She is currently working as associate professor in EED, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India. She has published a number of research papers in national and international journals. She has been providing consultancy services to the electric power industry. Her research interests include power system optimization, power generation, operation, and control. Email: [email protected]

R. Naresh

R Naresh received Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical) from Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, in 1987, Master of Engineering in power systems from Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, in 1990, and PhD from the University of Roorkee, India, in 1999, respectively. He joined REC, Hamirpur in 1989. In January 2000, he joined the Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, as assistant professor. Now he is currently working as a professor in EED, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India. He has published a number of research papers in national and international journals of repute. He has been providing consultancy services to the electric power industry. His field of research interests are artificial intelligence applications to power system optimization problems, evolutionary computation, neural networks, and fuzzy systems. Email: [email protected]