https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-3101
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Abstract
The Coronavirus disease, i.e. (COVID-19) pandemic outbreaks has inevitably lead to a corresponding movement restrictive measure by the members of both central and state government leadership. The current limitation of healthcare systems cannot predict the COVID-19 outbreaks and vaccination drive. The need of the hour is to use Blockchain Technology for the construction of immutable ledger. In this paper a Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) enabled COVID-19 vaccine tracking system has been proposed. The proposed system is designed using the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), decentralized storage by Inter Planetary File System (IPFS) and implemented using Truffle and Ganache Tool. The smart contract interaction among the entities is developed with Drizzle and the front-end using ReactJS . The performance of the proposed framework has been presented with Keccack 256 transaction hash, the total number of transactions, gas consumed by each contract. Additionally the performance parameters such as latency, throughput, traffic in, out, CPU, and memory utilization of the blockchain framework are also calculated. The artificial neural network (ANN) has been used to classify the vaccination group. Such an attempt is a worthwhile addition to the state of the art as evident from the results presented herein. The proposed framework provides a way for vaccinated members of the community to be tracked and indexed so as to avail the benefits, for example, less restrictive movements nationally, internationally, or simply in their own respective communities. This paper leverages the advantages of Blockchain Technology to obtain a reliable and accurate way to facilitate the entire tracking process.
DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Nihar Ranjan Pradhan
N R Pradhan received his BTech in information technology, in 2005 and MTech in computer science and engineering in 2011 from GIET University, Odisha, India. He is currently working toward the PhD degree with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Meghalaya, India. His research area of interest includes the field of blockchain technology, wireless sensor network, and security. Email: [email protected]
Rajesh Mahule
Rajesh Mahule is an assistant professor at the Department of Information Technology I/C Director, Institute of Technology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chattisgarh, India. His research interests lie in service oriented computing, wireless sensor network, network security, network forensics, and machine learning. Email: [email protected]
Patrick Kanyi Wamuyu
Patrick Kanyi Wamuyu is an associate professor of information technology at United States International University-Africa, Nairobi, Kenya. He earned the PhD degree in information systems and technology from the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. He completed the postdoc research at the Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, India, and the Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany. His research focuses on a broad range of topics related to information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D), web 2.0 adoption & analytics, social media use and consumption, E-business infrastructures, ICT innovations and entrepreneurship, wireless sensor networks, and databases.
Pradeep Kumar Rathore
Pradeep Kumar Rathore received the PhD degree from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India, in 2015. He is currently an assistant professor with the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, India. His current research interests include design and development of CMOS and integrated MEMS-based devices. Email: [email protected]
Akhilendra Pratap Singh
A P Singh is currently working as an assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, India. He received PhD from the Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, India, in 2017 and MTech from Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, India, in 2011. He completed BTech from Uttar Pradesh Technical University Lucknow in 2006. His research interests lie in service oriented computing, wireless sensor network, network security, network forensics, and machine learning. Email: [email protected]