Gain Enhancement of Patch Antenna Using High Refractive Index Metamaterial-based Bi-convex Lens for Base Station Applications

ABSTRACT

In this paper, a high refractive index-based metamaterial Bi-convex lens superstrate for the gain enhancement of broadside radiating antennas like microstrip antennas is presented. Fundamentally, an effective HRI medium is created by the Single Ring Split Ring Resonator unit cells printed on an FR-4. By stacking the multiple layers of the superstrate, a virtual HRI-based equivalent Bi-convex lens is constructed to focus the incoming diverged beam from a patch antenna. A gain enhancement of 4.42 dB is achieved with the help of a 3-layer HRI-based Lens superstrate. The simulation and measurement results are also almost agreed on the same.

KEYWORDS:

• Focusing
• High gain
• High refractive index
• Metamaterial
• Superstrate

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Electronics and Information technology: [grant number Phd-MLA- 4(16)/2015-16].

Notes on contributors

G. Bharath Reddy

G Bharath Reddy is working as assistant professor at School of Electronics Engineering in VIT-AP University. He received his MTech from PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India in 2015. He obtained his PhD from the National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli in 2020 in radiofrequency electromagnetics. His research interests are antenna design, microwave engineering and electromagnetic metamaterials.

D. Sriram Kumar

D Sriram Kumar is currently a professor in the Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering at the National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India. He received a BE (1991) in electronics and communication engineering, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, India and an ME (1993) with distinction in microwave and optical engineering, Alagappa Chettiar College of Engineering and Technology, Karaikudi, India and PhD (2009) in microwave integrated circuits – coplanar waveguide- discontinuities, periodic structures – analysis, antenna applications, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India. He published numerous research papers in international and national journals in microwave integrated circuits, optical networks, smart antennas, carbon nanotube antennas, free-space optics, optical & reconfigurable antennas, flexible electronics and photonics. He is a Life Member of ISTE, New Delhi, India since 1995. Email: [email protected]