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Abstract
Automated recognition of patterns in an ECG signal quintessentially requires removal of noises, such as Baseline wander (BLW), breathing activity, poor quality of electrodes and current flowing in the cables of the acquisition system, during its pre-processing for improving the signal quality to enable the identification of various physiological and pathological phenomena from it. In the literature, it has been well established that statistical domain technique viz. ICA (independent component analysis) surpasses the performance of even higher order filters in removing interferences by calculating independent components with much less computational/mathematical complexity and loss of information. Thus, it will result in higher signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs) mitigating masking effects of various interferences. On the other hand, LDA (linear discriminant analysis) minimizes the variance and maximizes the distance between any two data-classes while detecting/classifying them resulting in very less false detections. Therefore in this paper, ICA and LDA are proposed to be used combinedly for pre-processing and classification of an ECG signal, respectively. Hence, important latent attributes of the ECG signal are retained with maximally statistically independent criteria using ICA and effective classification/detection is accomplished by cutting down the dimensional costs using LDA. The performance of ICA in ECG signal pre-processing is further compared with that obtained using ANF (adaptive notch filter) to further demonstrate its superiority. The proposed technique is able to achieve sensitivity (Se), detection error rate (DER) and output SNR of 99.92%, 0.122% and 37.77dB, respectively on Massachusetts Institute of Technology- Beth Israel Hospital Arrhythmia database (MB ARR DB).
DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Varun Gupta
Varun Gupta completed the BTech in electronics and communication engineering from BIT, Meerut in 2007, MTech from D BR Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar in 2011, and PhD from National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra in 2020. He is serving as an associate professor in Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Department, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad, India for the last nine years. He has published number of research papers in several international and national journals and along with conferences. He is an active reviewer of several journals including IETE Technical Review, IET Signal Processing, IRBM, Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,Wireless Personal Communications, International Journal of Medical Engineering and Informatics, International Journal of Control and Electrical Engineering, etc. His research includes biomedical signal processing, control system, pattern recognition techniques, soft computing, edge computing, LSTM networks, malware detection in medical IoT devices, and image processing. Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Monika Mittal
Monika Mittal is an associate professor in Electrical Engineering Department, NIT Kurukshetra. She completed her graduation in electrical engineering from MMM Institute of Technology, Gorakhpur, India in 1992 and completed her post graduation from NIT Kurukshetra, India in 1994 with a specialization in control systems. She completed her doctorate from Electrical Engineering Department, NIT Kurukshetra in 2013. She has a teaching experience of about 23 years. She has authored about 50 research papers in international and national journals and conferences. Currently, she is working in the areas of signal processing applications in control systems, computational algorithms, and wavelets in control. Email: [email protected]
Vikas Mittal
Vikas Mittal completed the BTech in electronics and communication engineering from REC Kurukshetra, India (now NIT Kurukshetra) in 1992. He completed the post graduation and PhD also from the same institute. He has a teaching experience of about 25 years. He has authored more than 30 research papers in international and national journals and conferences. He was head of the Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, NIT Kurukshetra from 2017 to 2019. Currently, he is associate professor in the same department. Presently, he has interests in the areas of signal and image processing, signal processing applications in control systems, data & image fusion, and computational algorithms. Email: [email protected]