Static Output Feedback-Based DFIG Controller Design for the Wind-Driven Scheme

Abstract

This paper presents DFIG-based WT schemes for WECS that are necessitated the appropriate control systems to get better performance with an efficient operation of the DFIG system. During the DFIG functioning both rotor and grid side converters play a very important role because these converters have controllers that control the DFIG-based WT system. The wind energy general idea and the DFIG working principle have been discussed properly. The sixth-order transfer function (T.F) DFIG model (considered a plant model) has been applied for controller design to the DFIG system in terms of Static Output Feedback Technique (SOF) and Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based optimization techniques. The SOF- and GA-based designed controllers have been implemented in the DFIG-based WT Simulink model for their performance analysis, in terms of output responses of three-phase terminal voltage, active power delivery and reactive power requirement to the grid along with DC-Link voltage. Also, these designed controllers are applied in the sixth-order DFIG system T.F model and get output responses concerning time and frequency domain specifications. At last, after the comparisons of output responses of both controllers in DFIG Simulink and T.F model cases it has been found that the SOF-based controller design scheme is better than GA-based technique for the DFIG-based WT system. Hence the SOF technique is the better alternative to designing a controller for (higher-order) DFIG-based WT systems.

Abbreviations: T_r: Rise Time, Tp: Peak Time, Ts: Settling Time, Mp: Maximum Overshoot, Pc: Peak, GM: Gain Margin, PM: Phase Margin, Wgc: Gain crossover frequency, Wpc: Phase crossover frequency

Keywords:

• DFIG: Doubly fed induction generator
• GA: Genetic algorithm
• SOF: Static output feedback
• WECS: Wind energy conversion systems
• WT: Wind turbine

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The corresponding author acknowledges this research work to the Science and Engineering Research Board, Government of India for providing financial support to complete this work under project grant file number: EEQ/2021/000177. The authors are heartily thankful to the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi (UP) India for providing the necessary facilities to complete this research article. The first author dedicates this achievement to loving memories of his daughter Ananya Singh.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board [grant number EEQ/2021/000177].

Notes on contributors

Om Prakash Bharti

Om Prakash Bharti received the BTech degree in electrical engineering from Uttar Pradesh Technical University Lucknow in 2008, MTech degree with specialization in control systems from the National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra (Haryana), India in 2011, and the PhD degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU),Varanasi (U.P.) India in 2018. His research interests include control systems, doubly fed induction generator, MATLAB/simulink, reliability engineering and renewable energy systems. Email: [email protected]

Aanchal Singh S. Vardhan

Aanchal Singh S Vardhan received the BTech degree in electrical engineering from Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh) India in 2019, and an ME degree in electrical engineering with specialization in power electronics from Shri G S Institute of Technology and Science, Indore (Madhya Pradesh) India affiliated to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Technology, Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) India. Her research interests include renewable energy, wind energy conversion systems, DFIG controller design, the design of a synchronous generator and modern aspects of power electronics. Email: [email protected]

Akanksha Singh S. Vardhan

Akanksha Singh S Vardhan received the BTech degree in electrical engineering from Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh) India in 2019, and the ME degree in electrical engineering with specialization in power electronics from Shri GS Institute of Technology and Science, Indore (Madhya Pradesh) India affiliated to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Technology, Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) India. Her research interests include power electronics and drives, renewable energy technology, SEIG and DFIG controller design, synchronous generator modelling, reliability engineering, and green energy conversion systems. Email: [email protected]

R. K. Saket

R K Saket is currently a professor with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi (UP) India. He is an associate editor of the IET Renewable Power Generation (UK), IET Electrical Systems in Transportation (UK), and IEEE Access (USA). He is an editorial board member of the Journal of Electrical Systems (France), and Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Research (Greece). His research interests include reliability engineering, power system reliability, controller design for the wind energy conversion system, electrical machines and drives, and grid-integrated renewable energy systems.

D. P. Kothari

D P Kothari obtained his BE in electrical engineering in 1967, ME with a specialization in power systems in 1969 and a PhD in 1975 from Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani (Rajasthan) India. Kothari is a Fellow of the National Academy of Engineering (FNAE), Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Science (FNASc), Fellow of the Institution of Engineers (FIE), Fellow IEEE, Hon. Fellow ISTE and Fellow IETE. He received the “Malviya Award for Excellence in Power System” conferred by IIT (BHU) during the NPSC at IIT Gandhinagar on December 17, 2020. Currently, Kothari is with SB Jain Institute of Management, Research and Technology, Nagpur serving as director of research and professor. He is also chairman board of governors of THDC Institute of Hydropower Engineering and Technology, Tehri, India. His research interest includes power system engineering, electrical machines and drives, and renewable energy systems. Email: [email protected]