Real Time Cloud based Fault Detection and Alert for Antenna Array Using CNN

Abstract

The rise of smart antennas made it imperative to use adaptive beam forming, but single-element failure in array antenna disturbs the radiation pattern. Hence, to achieve adaptive beam forming, detecting and locating faults in an antenna array is a must for correction in the radiation pattern. The presented work in this paper provides real-time monitoring and alert for fault occurrence in antenna arrays. Fault detection is performed by an optimized Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and the Thingspeak web service is utilized to store fault detection information on the cloud to get the visualization of faults. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Application programming interface (API) provides an alert in real-time once the fault is detected. The filter kernel parameters, number of convolutional layers, and dense layers of the fully connected neural network are tuned to minimize the mean square error (MSE). 16 element (4 × 4) planar microstrip array antenna is simulated on Ansys HFSS, and by introducing discontinuity, i.e. one type of defect in the corporate feed network, a training and testing set of 374 samples considering single element fault are used to train the CNN Model with a 0.3 validation split. Further performance of the same model by changing the last layer of a fully connected layer is evaluated to check the effectiveness of model when two elements are faulty.

KEYWORDS:

• Array antenna
• Convolutional neural network (CNN)
• Fault detection
• Real time

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The support of the Director, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research (NITTTR), Chandigarh, India, is thankfully acknowledged. A.M. Kulkarni is highly indebted to Principal Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University Lonere, India, for sponsoring him to pursue a full-time PhD under AICTE-sponsored PhD. QIP scheme.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Atul M. Kulkarni

Atul M Kulkarni received BE from Govt engineering college Jalgaon, MTech from National Institute of Technology Karnataka, India and currently pursuing PhD under AICTE-MHRD-Govt. of India sponsoredQIP (Poly) scheme at NITTTR, Chandigarh, India, under the guidance of Dr Garima Saini and Prof S.S. Pattnaik.He is recipient of National level “Award of Excellence” at FDP conducted by IIT Bombay 2016, He received Best paper award at the “National conference” VISION 2011 and VISION 2012 at BVIT, Mumbai. His research interests include microstrip antenna array, soft computing, artificial intelligence and ICT. Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Garima Saini

Garima Saini received the PhD degree in engineering from Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab. Since 2006 she is working as assistant professor in Electronics & Communication Engineering Department, NITTTR Chandigarh. She is recipient of best paper award at ICSELM held in Malaysia and 47th Mid-term Symposium on Modern Information and Communication Technologies for Digital India, in 2016. She is a life member of IETE and Indian Society of Systems for Science and Engineering (ISSE). She has 101 technical research papers and 02 book chapters to her credit. She has produced one hundred M Tech thesis. Her areas of interest are wireless and mobile communication, antenna design simulations, soft computing and its application in antenna engineering. E-mail: [email protected]

Shyam S. Pattnaik

Shyam S Pattnaik received the PhD degree in engineering from Sambalpur University, India, in 1992. He worked as a vice chancellor of the Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Rourkela, from 2014 to 2017. He also worked at the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Utah, USA. Since 2004, he has been a professor and the head of the Educational Television Center, NITTTR. He is currently working as the director of the National Institute of Technical Teacher's Training and Research (NITTTR), Chandigarh, under the Ministry of Human Resource and Development, Government of India. He has one patent and 252 technical research publications to his credit. He has conducted number of conferences and seminars. He has published two International books and four International book chapters. His areas of interest are soft computing, information fusion, and their application to bio-medical imaging, antenna design, metamaterial antennas, and video processing. He is a fellow of IETE, a life member of ISTE, senior member of IEEE, and has been listed in the Who's Who in the world. He was a recipient of National Scholarship, BOYSCAST Fellowship, SERC Visiting Fellowship, INSA Visiting Fellowship, UGC Visiting Fellowship, and best paper award. Recently, he had received Certificate of Commendation for Sponsored Projects, Gold Medal (Certificate of Excellence) for the year 2018, and Leading Educationalist of India Award 2018. E-mail: [email protected]