![Sample our Politics & International Relations journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5947/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Politics-International-Relations.jpg"})
Abstract
The frustration of non-nuclear weapon states about the lack of progress in nuclear disarmament has reached boiling point: a vast majority of them have supported a resolution in the UN General Assembly that establishes a negotiation forum for concluding a prohibition of nuclear weapons in 2017. Rising tension among the nuclear powers and populist movements feeding nationalist emotions make it unlikely that the situation will change for the better in the near future. It is thus possible that the NPT might be eroded or, in the worst case scenario, simply collapse because of diminishing support.
Notes
1 For a gallant defence of theoretical eclecticism, as opposed to dogmatism, see Sil and Katzenstein, Beyond paradigms.
2 Bowen and Moran, “Iran’s Nuclear Programme”.
3 Perkovich et al., “Parsing the Iran Deal”.
4 For example, Rublee, Nonproliferation Norms; Müller and Schmidt, “The Little-Known Story of Deproliferation”.
5 Kemp, “Nonproliferation Emperor Has No Clothes”, 74–8.
6 Müller, “Icons Off the Mark”.
7 Walker, “Nuclear enlightenment and counter-enlightenment”.
8 Müller and Schmidt, “The Little-Known Story of Deproliferation”.
9 For example, Miller, “The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty”, 64.
10 Bundy, Danger and Survival, 482–98.
11 For example, Carpenter, “Not All Nuclear Proliferation Equally Bad”.
12 Goldschmidt, The Atomic Complex, 192, 212.
13 Davis, “The Realist Nuclear Regime".
14 For example, Larson et al., “Status and World Order”; Welch, Justice and Genesis of War; Lebow, Cultural theory of international relations.
15 Druckman and Müller, “Introduction”.
16 Renwick Monroe et al., “Politics and innate moral sense”; Hutchison and Bleiker, “Emotions in world politics”.
17 Müller, “Between Power and Justice”; Tannenwald, “Justice and Fairness”.
18 Shaker, The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
19 Becker-Jakob et al., Norm Dynamics in Multilateral Arms Control.
20 The 1995 Conference was unique in that it consisted of two parallel processes, a traditional review and a negotiation on the extension of the Treaty that was initially confined to a duration of 25 years. All the principal negotiators focused on the extension issue; this led to the indefinite extension of the NPT and three substantial documents: Principles and Objectives, Enhanced Review Process and Middle East Resolution. The Review Process, conducted largely in the absence of the most important actors, failed. But because of the saliency of the extension issue, the 1995 conference was almost universally considered a success.
21 The initiative sprang from wording in the 2010 NPT Review Conference’s consensus document: “The Conference expresses its deep concern at the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons … .”
22 Kmentt, “Development of the international initiative”.
23 On the concept, see Müller, “The Case for Incrementalism”.
24 Smetana, “Stuck on Disarmament”.
25 Müller, “Security Cooperation”.
26 Cf. Becker-Jakob et al., Norm Dynamics in Multilateral Arms Control.
27 For a recent assessment of the compliance balance, see Hiroshima Prefecture, “Executive Summary”.
28 On NAM, see Potter and Mukhatzhanova, Nuclear politics and Non-Aligned Movement.
29 For a different perspective on regime stability, see Jasper, “Dysfunctional, but stable”.
30 Shifrinson and Itzkowitz, “Deal or No Deal?”.
31 "East Asian Security“, Chapter 7, SIPRI Yearbook 2015.
32 "World nuclear forces”, Chapter 11, SIPRI Yearbook 2015.
33 Perlo-Freeman et al., “Trends in World Military Expenduture 2015”.
34 Goldstein, “First Things First”.
35 Perlo-Freedman et al., “Trends in World Military Expenduture 2015”.
36 Ibid.
37 Sauer and Schörnig, “Killer Drones”.
38 Koch and Schörnig, “Dangers of Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems”.
39 Altmann, Military Nanotechnology.
40 Fey, 3D Printing Weapons.
41 Garthoff, Detente and Confrontation.
42 Solingen, Nuclear logics.
43 Hymans, The psychology of nuclear proliferation.
46 Smetana, “Stuck on Disarmament”.
47 Tuchman, The March of Folly.