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ABSTRACT
The role of settlement patterns in rural development is considered as the context for an evaluation of the villagisation process in Mwanza Region. While nucleation is essential to the Tanzanian ideology, it can also be justified in terms of infrastructural investment and of the delivery of development impulses. As a vehicle for rural transformation villagisation requires the meticulous planning of sites, land use, facilities and organisation. The haste with which the move was undertaken in Mwanza Region precluded such planning so that it is unlikely that any significant improvement in the rural economy will occur in the immediate future.