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Notes
1 For more on these murders, see H. Kaviani, Dar jostejoye mohafel jeneyatkaran (Tehran: Negah-ye Emruz, 1378/1999–2000).
2 See Yas-e No, 19 Bahman 1382/8 February 2004, p. 1.
3 Private communication.
4 The Basij is a nationwide Islamic militia network, founded by Khomeini at the beginning of the revolution.
5 See Kasra Naji, Ahmadinejad: The Untold Story of Iran's Radical Leader (London: I.B. Tauris, 2007). Ahmadinejad continued the graves policy as president; see Golnaz Esfandiari, ‘Iran: Students Protest Burials of War Dead on Tehran Campuses’, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 15 March 2006, http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/03/6035bfe4-0e35-4807-ad4b-cdd4fce89821.html.
6 In a bizarre recent incident, it appeared that someone had spiked some of these refreshments, causing stomach upsets among pilgrims, for reasons unknown. See ‘Bastani-ye mashkook dar masched jamkaran’, Baztab.com, 31 Mordad 1386/ 22 August 2007.
7 See Norman Cohn, The Pursuit of the Millennium: Revolutionary Millenarians and Mystical Anarchists of the Middle Ages [1957, revised 1970] (London: Pimlico, 2004), p. 53.
8 Qom is a city south of Tehran. It is the centre of religious activity in Iran and is currently also the intellectual centre of global Shiism.
9 See Aftab-e Yazd, 10 Esfand 1382/29 February 2004, p. 11.
10 See Behzad Nabavi writing in Entekhab, 18 Bahman 1382/7 February 2004, p. 3.
11 ‘Iran Conservatives to Ease Engagements’, Agence France Presse, 18 February 2004.
12 For Ahmadinejad's interpretation of the word ‘fundamentalist’, see ‘Deed gaha-ye Mahmood Ahmadi Nejad siyasi (3)’ (Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's political views (3)), on the Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) website, 4 Tir 1384/26 June 2005, www.irna.ir.
13 See p. 86 for more on this incident.
14 Abbas Pazouki, ‘The Challenges of the Military's Presence in the Election’, Mardom-salari website, 2 June 2005, in BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, The Middle East.
15 See ‘Rafsanjani Mulled Pulling out of Iran Run-Off’, Iranmania.com, 20 June 2005, http://www.iranmania.com/News/ArticleView/Default.asp?NewsCode=32732&NewsKind=Current%20Affairs.
16 See election results posted on IRNA website, http://www.irna.ir, 30 Khordad 1384/20 June 2005.
17 ‘City Mayors’, an international project for the promotion of ‘strong cities and good local government’ runs the contest annually. More information can be found at http://www.worldmayor.com/results05/worldmayor_methodology05.html.
18 The argument, commonly made, that it was worth voting for Ahmadinejad as a vote against Rafsanjani was expressed eloquently by reformist politician Davoud Soleymani in an interview with the Iranian Students' News Agency (ISNA), 28 Tir 1385/19 July 2005, http://www.isna.ir.