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Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing
Journal canadien de télédétection
Volume 46, 2020 - Issue 2
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Articles

Forest Inventory and Aboveground Biomass Estimation with Terrestrial LiDAR in the Tropical Forest of Malaysia

Inventaire forestier et estimation de la biomasse hors-sol avec un LiDAR terrestre dans la forêt tropicale de la Malaisie

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Pages 130-145 | Received 08 Oct 2019, Accepted 16 Apr 2020, Published online: 13 May 2020
 

Abstract

An accurate forest inventory is crucial for forest monitoring and quantifying forest aboveground biomass (AGB). This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) in forest inventory and AGB estimation in the tropical forest of Malaysia. Individual trees were detected using manual and automatic detection methods. An average tree detection rate of 99.55% and 93.75% were achieved using the manual and automatic detection method respectively. The accuracy of the diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees measured from TLS was validated using field DBH as reference. A root means square error (RMSE) of 1.37 cm (6.60%) and 2.36 cm (11.47%), respectively, were obtained for manually and automatically measured TLS DBH. Similarly, TLS based tree height was validated using Airborne Laser Scanner (ALS) height as a reference and resulted in RMSE of 1.74 m (9.30%) and 3.17 m (17.40%) with manual and automatic method respectively. Finally, AGB was calculated using the variables derived from the TLS data. Results show an R2 value of 0.98 and RMSE of 0.08 Mg. The results of this study confirmed that TLS as a nondestructive approach can provide a very good estimation of forest attributes and AGB in the dense tropical forest conditions.

Résumé

Un inventaire forestier précis est crucial pour la surveillance et la quantification de la biomasse des forêts (AGB). Cette étude examine la faisabilité de l’utilisation d’un laser terrestre (TSL) pour l’inventaire forestier et l’estimation de la biomasse dans la forêt tropicale de la Malaisie. Des arbres individuels ont été localisés à l’aide de méthodes de détection manuelle et automatique. Un taux moyen de détection des arbres de 99.55% et de 93.75% a été atteint à l’aide de la méthode de détection manuelle et automatique respectivement. La précision du diamètre à la hauteur de la poitrine (DBH) des arbres mesurés à partir du laser terrestre a été validée à l’aide d’un inventaire terrain. Un RMSE de 1.37 cm (6.60%) et de 2.36 cm (11.47%) a été respectivement obtenu pour le DBH mesuré manuellement et automatiquement. De même, la hauteur des arbres TSL a été validée à l’aide de la hauteur évaluée par un LiDAR aéroporté comme référence et a entraîné un RMSE de 1.74 m (9.30%) et de 3.17 m (17.40%) respectivement. Enfin, la biomasse a été calculée à l’aide des variables dérivées des données TLS. Les résultats montrent une valeur R2 de 0.98 et un RMSE de 0.08  Mg. Les résultats de cette étude ont confirmé que le TLS en tant qu’approche non destructive peut fournir une très bonne estimation des attributs forestiers dans les conditions denses des forêts tropicales.

Acknowledgments

The research was conducted in Ayer Hitam tropical forest, Malaysia, in collaboration with the University of Putra Malaysia. This research was funded by NUFFIC, the Netherlands Fellowship Programs (NFP). We are grateful for those who were actively involved and helped us in the field data collection. We are also thankful for the anonymous reviewers who gave us constructive comments and suggestions that helped us to improve the manuscript.

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