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Disease Reports and Disease Diagnostics / Rapports Des Maladies

Characterization and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum camelliae causing brown blight disease of tea (Camellia sinensis) in Malaysia

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Accepted 17 Mar 2024, Published online: 11 Apr 2024
 

Abstract

Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) is a dicotyledonous woody shrub species widely cultivated to produce a beverage made from its leaves. Brown blight is a destructive foliar fungal disease that reduces tea production and degrades quality, resulting in lower market value. Typical brown blight symptoms observed in three commercial tea plantations in Malaysia were characterized as brownish to black lesions on young leaves. The lesions expanded with age, becoming darker and developing into necrotic cells. A total of 45 fungal isolates were isolated from brown blighted tea leaves and identified as Colletotrichum camelliae. Morphological characteristics coupled with universal spacer region and multigene phylogenetic relationships using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), β-tubulin (tub2) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) were used to accurately identify fungal isolates. The results of the pathogenicity test revealed that C. camelliae was responsible for causing brown blight disease of tea. This study highlights the occurrence of C. camelliae which causes tea brown blight in Malaysia. These findings may assist in disease monitoring, strict quarantine and effective control management of diseased tea plants.

Résumé

Le thé (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) est une espèce d’arbuste ligneux dicotylédone largement cultivée pour produire une boisson à partir de ses feuilles. La brûlure brune est une maladie fongique foliaire destructrice qui réduit la production de thé et dégrade la qualité, ce qui se traduit par une baisse de la valeur marchande. Les symptômes typiques de la brûlure brune observés dans trois plantations commerciales de thé en Malaisie se caractérisent par des lésions brunâtres à noires sur les jeunes feuilles. Les lésions s’étendent avec l’âge, deviennent plus foncées et se transforment en cellules nécrotiques. Au total, 45 isolats fongiques ont été isolés à partir de feuilles de thé atteintes de brûlure brune et identifiés comme étant des Colletotrichum camelliae. Les caractéristiques morphologiques associées à la région spacer universelle et aux relations phylogénétiques multigènes utilisant l’espace transcrit interne (ITS), la β-tubuline (tub2) et la glycéraldéhyde-3-phosphate déshydrogénase (gapdh) ont été utilisées pour identifier avec précision les isolats fongiques. Les résultats du test de pathogénicité ont révélé que C. camelliae était responsable de la maladie de la brûlure brune du thé. Cette étude met en évidence la présence de C. camelliae, responsable de la brûlure brune du thé en Malaisie. Ces résultats peuvent aider à la surveillance de la maladie, à une quarantaine stricte et à une gestion efficace de la lutte contre les théiers malades.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Author contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by all authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the Graduate Research Grant Scheme of the School of Biological Sciences and Research University Grant [1001/PBIOLOGI/8011061] from Universiti Sains Malaysia.

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