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Reviews and symposia articles / Articles de Revue

Plant genetic regulation of the microbiome and applications for Canadian agriculture

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Accepted 02 Apr 2024, Published online: 23 May 2024
 

Abstract

Despite our emergent understanding of the contribution of beneficial microbes to the health of humans and the crops we eat, microbiome engineering to improve plant health has had limited success. Recent work has shown that plant genotype plays a critical role in shaping the plant microbiome and so plant genetics must be considered in engineering practices. Here, we review recent work from our lab and others on plant-driven genetic and molecular mechanisms that shape plant-associated microbial communities. Based on our emergent understanding of plant-driven recruitment of beneficial microbes, we discuss challenges in Canadian agriculture that are strong candidates for microbiome engineering. These include pathogens that have been difficult to control through traditional methods including root rot pathogens, as well as controlled agricultural systems like greenhouses and vertical farming. Finally, we discuss knowledge gaps to achieve successful microbiome engineering that can be filled with basic research, particularly through the use of model plant systems.

Résumé

Malgré notre compréhension émergente de la contribution des microbes bénéfiques à la santé des humains et des cultures que nous mangeons, l’ingénierie du microbiome pour améliorer la santé des plantes n’a connu qu’un succès limité. Des travaux récents ont montré que le génotype des plantes joue un rôle essentiel dans la formation de la plante microbiome et que la génétique des plantes doit donc être prise en compte dans les pratiques d’ingénierie. Nous passons ici en revue les travaux récents de notre laboratoire et d’autres laboratoires sur les mécanismes génétiques et moléculaires pilotés par les plantes qui façonnent les communautés microbiennes associées aux plantes. Sur la base de notre compréhension émergente du recrutement de microbes bénéfiques par les plantes, nous discutons des défis de l’agriculture canadienne qui sont d’excellents candidats pour l’ingénierie du microbiome. Il s’agit notamment des pathogènes qui ont été difficiles à contrôler par des méthodes traditionnelles, y compris les pathogènes de la pourriture des racines, ainsi que des systèmes agricoles contrôlés tels que les serres et l’agriculture verticale. Enfin, nous discutons des lacunes en matière de connaissances pour réussir l’ingénierie du microbiome, qui peuvent être comblées par la recherche fondamentale, en particulier par l’utilisation de systèmes de plantes modèles.

Acknowledgments

We thank colleagues and collaborators for discussions related to microbiome control of pests and pathogens in Canadian agriculture Syama Chatterton and Wentao Zhang. Funding support is from NRCan (SPP-144-1) and a Canada Research Chair award to C. Haney. The figure was created with BioRender.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The work was supported by the Canada Research Chairs National Research Council [SPP-144-1]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [AWD-019297 NSERC 2021].

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