100% Fruit Juice in Child and Adolescent Dietary Patterns

Abstract

Objective: Nutritional advice based on strengthening the dietary pattern offers a very different perspective from the reductionist practice of reporting risks or benefits for individual foods.

Methods: A healthful dietary pattern can be composed of innumerable different combinations of foods and beverages that collectively and synergistically protect health. Although pure juices lack fiber, juicing retains the majority of health-promoting nutrients and phytochemicals of the whole fruit. Bioactive components of 100% fruit juice have demonstrated positive clinical effects on oxidative markers, inflammation, endothelial reactivity, lipid profiles, hypertension, and platelet aggregation. Fruit juice consumers have higher scores for diet quality. They consume more whole fruit, less added sugar, and greater amounts of vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, and fiber-containing foods than non-consumers.

Results: Concerns that 100% fruit juice may be associated with childhood weight gain or metabolic consequences have not been supported by recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Juice consumption may be particularly important for the diet quality of lower-socioeconomic-status populations. Over the past 3 decades, as fruit juice intake has fallen substantially, the vacuum has not been filled by a comparable increase in servings of whole fruit, keeping Americans from meeting daily fruit recommendations.

Conclusions: Counseling about individual foods without considering their impact on overall diet quality may harm the dietary pattern without discernible health benefits.

Keywords:

• 100% fruit juice
• sugar-sweetened beverages
• dietary guidelines
• diet quality
• child nutrition
• obesity
• dietary pattern
• nutrition programs
• nutrient adequacy
• phytonutrients