Abstract
The development of carbohydrate-based anticancer vaccines is of high current interest. Herein, the latest development in this exciting field is reviewed. After a general introduction about tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens and immune responses, the review focuses on the various strategies that have been developed to enhance the immunogenicity of these antigens. The results from animal studies and clinical trials are presented.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to thank the National Cancer Institute for generous financial support of our work (R01CA149451-01A1).