Notes
1. Western media’s reports and editorials are largely one-sided except for a few cases. Notably, on September 30, 2014, the scholar CitationJacques, writing for The Guardian, situated the Hong Kong protests in the historical context of the first Opium War, the subsequent 155 years of British colonial rule, and Hong Kong’s return to China in 1997. “[U]nder the British [Hong Kong] never enjoyed even a semblance of democracy,” Jacques wrote: “The idea of any kind of democracy was first introduced by the Chinese government. In 1990, the latter adopted the Basic Law […]; it also spelt out that the nomination of candidates would be a matter for a nominating committee.”
2. Here I use tradition to refer to a set of complex, heterogeneous, open-ended, and incomplete discursive practices and cultural formations.