Microencapsulation of Juçara (Euterpe edulis M.) Pulp by Spray Drying Using Different Carriers and Drying Temperatures

Abstract

Juçara pulp was microencapsulated using three different carrier agents—gelatin, gum arabic, and maltodextrin—by spray drying. Response surface methodology based on a two-factor-five-level central composite design was applied to determine the effect of inlet temperature (140–190°C) and carrier agent concentration (5–55%) on anthocyanin retention. Significant retention of anthocyanin content (>83%) was observed at the treatment conditions of 165°C inlet temperature and 5% of carrier agent. Anthocyanin retention was affected by temperature, due to its high sensitivity, and by carrier agent concentration, which is related to the interaction between the juçara pulp compounds and the carrier agent.

Keywords:

• Anthocyanin
• Carrier agents
• Euterpe edulis M.
• Juçara
• Spray drying

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors acknowledge the Agricultural Research Institute of Paraná (Iapar, Parana State, Brazil) for sample provision, the Laboratory of Minerals and Rocks of Federal University of Parana for particles diameter analysis, the Center of Electronic Microscopy of Federal University of Parana for scanning electron microscope analysis, and Colloïds Naturels Brazil for gum arabic donation.

Notes

^a Values in parenthesis () indicate coded value. GA: gum arabic, MD: maltodextrin, GT: gelatin. JP-GA: juçara pulp with gum arabic, JP-GT: juçara pulp with gelatin, JP-MD: juçara pulp with maltodextrin.

^abc Means followed by the same letter in each row are not significantly different (p < 0.05). See Table 1 for brief description of JP-GA, JP-GT, and JP-MD.

^abc Means followed by the same letter in each column are not significantly different (p < 0.05). See Table 1 for brief description of JP-GA, JP-GT, and JP-MD.

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