Through air drying of paper—the effect of dryer fabric

Abstract

A custom experimental apparatus is designed to perform through air drying under well-controlled drying conditions such as air temperature and mass-flowrate. Using a novel optical measurement technique, the spatial distribution of moisture content in paper during through air drying is quantified as a function of time. The technique is capable of measuring the moisture content distribution with high spatiotemporal resolution while air flows through a paper mat sitting on a permeable dryer fabric. Four commercially available fabrics with different structural design and properties are used in the investigations. The effect of the fabrics’ structural properties, which are characterized using optical coherence tomography (OCT), is studied under various drying conditions. It is shown that the geometry of the contact spots of the fabrics has a significant impact on the drying time at high drying intensities. However, at low rates of drying (i.e., low air temperature and flowrate), no correlation between drying time and fabric properties is observed. After a cycle of through air drying, the permeability of paper increases irreversibly. This increased permeability is observed to be a function of the fabric structure. It is shown that the increase in permeability is larger for coarse fabric structures although no monotonic correlation with the fabric permeability can be observed. Comparing the spatial maps of moisture content with the paper grammage distribution reveals that there is a correlation between the local grammage and the spatial pattern of drying in a paper sheet.

Keywords:

• Paper through air drying
• dryer fabric structure
• optical measurement

Acknowledgment

The authors express their gratitude to FPInnovations for providing the grammage map results.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by AstenJohnson Inc. and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). This research was undertaken, in part, thanks to funding from the Canada Research Chairs program.