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Abstract
In this paper, the effects of open-air and hot-air oven drying on the development of fibers of bentonite were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). The fiber bonding mechanism of bentonite in iron ore briquettes was studied after drying at different temperatures (105, 150, and 250 °C, respectively) in a hot-air oven. The formation of interparticle fiber bonding was observed at 105 °C while, above this temperature breakage of fiber bonds takes place that tends to lower compressive strength. This also shows that the formation of interparticle fiber bonds was significant at 105 °C. When the iron ore briquette was dried in a hot-air oven, the formation of fiber bonds and increased compressive strength of 4.018 N/mm2 was observed. The hot-air oven drying was found to be much more favorable for bentonite fiber bond formation than open-air drying.
Disclosure statement
The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.
Figure 1. Briquette.
Figure 2. SEM image of bentonite.
Figure 3. SEM image of flue dust.
Figure 4. SEM image of LD sludge.
Figure 5. SEM image of iron ore fines.
Figure 6. SEM image of cement.
Figure 7. XRD analysis of bentonite.
Figure 8. XRD analysis of flue dust.
Figure 9. XRD analysis of LD sludge.
Figure 10. XRD analysis of iron ore fines.
Figure 11. Effect of binder concentration on compressive strength.
Figure 12. Graphical representation of load versus compressive strength variation of agglomerates.
Figure 13. ESEM image of iron ore agglomerate before open-air drying.
Figure 14. ESEM image of iron ore agglomerate after open-air drying.
Figure 15. XRD analysis of iron ore agglomerate before open-air drying.
