![Sample our Language & Literature journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5941/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Language-Literature.jpg"})
Notes
1. Suga, “Translation, Exophony, Omniphony,” 23.
2. Nigro, “Metaphor and Translation,” 98.
3. Suga, “Translation, Exophony, Omniphony,” 24.
4. Summarized in Abrams, A Glossary of Literary Terms, 163–165.
5. Richards, The Philosophy of Rhetoric.
6. For example Davidson, “What Metaphors Mean” and Searle, Expression and Meaning.
7. Lakoff and Johnson, Metaphors We Live By.
8. Ibid., 4.
9. Ibid., 44–45.
10. Kövecses, “Recent Developments in Metaphor Theory.”
11. Ibid., 17.
12. Ibarretxe-Antuñano, “The Relationship Between Conceptual Metaphor and Culture,” 324.
13. Kövecses, Metaphor.
14. Lakoff and Turner, More than Cool Reason.
15. Steen, Understanding Metaphor in Literature.
16. Lakoff, “Image Metaphors,” 219. He uses examples from André Breton’s Free Union (1931/1984; translated by David Antin) such as “my wife … whose waist is an hourglass.”
17. Oshima, “Hon’yaku no shomondai: hiyu hyōgen no bunseki to kōsatsu.”
18. Oshima gives examples from Kawabata Yasunari’s Yukiguni, such as the following abstract metaphor describing the landscape (40): 
This was translated liberally as “ … it seemed to flow along in a wide, unformed emotion,” although the original metaphor describes the landscape itself as the emotion. An example of implicit metaphor she gives from the same work is 
(lit. the depths of the night became white), which is made explicit in Seidensticker’s translation: “The earth lay white under the night sky” (38).
19. Boase-Beier, A Critical Introduction to Translation Studies, 9.
20. Ibid., 108.
21. Boase-Beier Stylistic Approaches to Translation, 63.
22. Newmark, “The Translation of Metaphor,” 95–97.
23. Samaniego-Fernandez, “Translation Studies and the Cognitive Theory of Metaphor,” 268–69.
24. Toury, “A Rationale for Descriptive Translation Studies,” 25.
25. Van den Broeck, “The Limits of Translatability as Exemplified by Metaphor Translation,” 78–79.
26. Ibid., 76.
27. Ibid., 79.
28. Schäffner, “Metaphor and Translation.”
29. Berman, “Translation and the Trials of the Foreign.”
30. Venuti, The Translator’s Invisibility, 20.
31. Venuti, The Translation Studies Reader, 278.
32. Toury, Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond.
33. See, for example, Bassnett and Bush, The Translator as Writer; Loffredo and Perteghella, Translation and Creativity.
34. Murray, Breaking into Japanese Literature.
35. See, for example, Berman, “La retraduction comme espace de la traduction”; Gambier, “La Retraduction, retour et détour.”
36. See, for example, Koskinen and Paloposki, “Retranslations in the Age of Digital Reproduction”; Susam-Sarajeva, “Multiple-Entry Visa to Travelling Theory”; Pym, Method in Translation History.
37. Venuti, “‘Retranslations.”
38. Kövecses, Metaphor in Culture.
39. Twelve tendencies are identified in Berman, “Translation and the Trials of the Foreign”: rationalization; clarification; expansion; ennoblement and popularization; qualitative impoverishment; quantitative impoverishment; the destruction of rhythms; the destruction of underlying networks of signification; the destruction of linguistic patternings; the destruction of vernacular networks or their exoticization; the destruction of expressions and idioms; the effacement of the superimposition of languages. (244)
40. Fowler, “On Naturalizing and Making Strange,” 116.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Shani Tobias
Shani Tobias is a lecturer in Japanese Studies and Translation Studies at Monash University. Her research interests are in Japanese-English literary translation, particularly focussing on strategies for the translation of metaphor.