Interaction of human hemoglobin (HHb) and cytochrome c (Cyt c) with biogenic chloroxine-conjugated silver nanoflowers: spectroscopic and molecular docking approaches

Abstract

In this research, the biological activity of the antibacterial drug Chloroxine-conjugated biogenic AgNPs (COX-AgNPs) was investigated in simulated physiological conditions (pH = 7.40). Different spectroscopic methods such as UV–visible, fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectroscopic and docking simulation were employed to evaluate the structural changes in the most important blood proteins (human hemoglobin (HHb) and Cytochrome c (Cyt c)) in the presence of COX-AgNPs. The results showed that the COX-AgNPs can bind to HHb and Cyt c and the secondary structure of these proteins remains unchanged, which is crucial in providing insights into the side effects of newly synthesized drugs on their carriers.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Keywords:

• AgNPs
• chloroxine
• green chemistry
• interaction
• HHb
• Cyt c

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Razi University Research Council for support of this work.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.