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Original Articles

From Global Justice to Climate Justice? Justice Ecologism in an Era of Global Warming

Pages 499-514 | Published online: 04 Mar 2010
 

Abstract

Justice globalism, as an ideological field, emerged to prominence from 2001 with the World Social Forum. It has offered powerful responses to market globalism, grounding alternatives as well as refusals. With the intensification of global warming, the question of climate justice is increasingly subsuming issues of global justice. Climate justice offers a distinct trajectory, with its own dilemmas and potentials. The article addresses these differences along six axes: scope, discourse, space, strategy, temporality, and agency. It is argued that climate justice is a totalising concern, that is scientifically measurable, that creates new leverage for late industrialisers, requires a proactive strategy, within a limited temporal horizon, embedded within an all-encompassing and radically challenging epistemology. As such climate justice addresses some of the limitations of global justice, while creating problems of its own. It is argued that emerging dynamics of climate justice are pre-figuring paradigmatic transition, forcing broad-scale transformations in the terms of political contestation.

Notes

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 3 The three-part schema adapts Steger's “thought experiment”; see Manfred Steger, “Ideologies of Globalization,” Journal of Political Ideologies 10:1 (2005), pp. 11–30.

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38 David Harvey, The New Imperialism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).

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40 William Carroll, “Hegemony and the Global Field,” Studies in Social Justice 1:1 (2007), pp. 36–66; Stephen Gill, Power and Resistance in the New World Order (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002); Peter Evans, “Fighting Marginalization with Transnational Networks: Counter-Hegemonic Globalization,” Contemporary Sociology, 29:1 (2000), pp. 230–241; Jan N. Pieterse, Global Futures: Shaping Globalization (London: Zed Books, 2000).

41 Reitan, op. cit.

42 James Goodman and Patricia Ranald, Stopping a Juggernaut: Public Interests Versus the Multilateral Agreement on Investment (Sydney: Pluto Press, 2000).

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53 Joan Martinez Alier, The Environmentalism of the Poor (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2002); Timmons J. Roberts, and Bradley Parks, “Ecologically Unequal Exchange, Ecological Debt, and Climate Justice: History and Implications of Three Linked Ideas for a New Social Movement,” American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, Boston, 2008.

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55 Timmons J. Roberts and Bradley Parks, A Climate of Injustice: Global Inequality, North-South Politics, and Climate Policy (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2006), p. 7.

56 For a model that quantifies the resulting obligations, see Ecoequity, The Right to Development in a Climate Constrained World: The Greenhouse Development Rights Framework (San Francisco: Ecoequity, 2007).

57 Muller, op. cit.

58 James Meadowcroft, “Green Political Perspectives at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century,” in Michael Freeden (ed.), Reassessing Political Ideologies: The Durability of Dissent (London: Routledge, 2001), pp. 175–193.

59 Egon Becker and Thomas Jahn, Sustainability and the Social Sciences (London: Zed, 1999).

60 Arthur Mol, “Ecological Modernization Around the World: An Introduction,” Environmental Politics 9:1 (2000), pp. 3–14.

61 See Jonathon Neale, Stop Global Warming: Change the World (London: Bookmarks, 2008).

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63 Terry Barker, et al. (eds), Climate Change 2007: Mitigation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007).

64 Li, op. cit.

65 Paul Chatterton, “‘Give Up Activism’ and Change the World in Unknown Ways: Or Learning to Walk With Others on Uncommon Ground,” Antipode 38:2 (2006), pp. 259–281.

66 Barry Holden, Democracy and Global Warming (London: Continuum, 2002); Brian Baxter, Ecologism (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1999).

67 Saunders and Price, op. cit.

68 Eduard Bernstein, Evolutionary Socialism: A Criticism and Affirmation (New York: Random House, 1961).

69 Boaventura de Sousa-Santos, Toward a New Common Sense: Law, Science and Politics in the Paradigmatic Transition (New York: Routledge, 1995).

70 James O'Connor, Natural Causes: Essays in Ecological Marxism (Guilford Press: New York, 1998).

71 This statement appears on Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth websites: see for instance  < http://www.foe.org.au/climate-justice>.

72 United Nations, Our Common Future: The Brundtland Report (New York: UN World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987).

73 David Shearman and Joseph Wayne Smith, The Climate Challenge and the Failure of Democracy (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2007), p. 154.

74 James Anderson, “Afterword: Only Sustain … The Environment, ‘Anti-globalization’, and the Runaway Bicycle,” in Josée Johnston, James Goodman, and Mike Gismondi (eds), Nature's Revenge: Reclaiming Sustainability in an Age of Corporate Globalisation (Toronto: Broadview, 2006), pp. 245–268.

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