Determination of the relationship between body composition and nutritional habits and chronotype in healthy Turkish adults

ABSTRACT

This cross-sectional study aims to determine the relationship between chronotype characteristics, dietary habits, and body composition in 110 adults, of which 75.5% are female, residing in Mersin, Türkiye. Data collection included a descriptive information form, the Morningness-Eveningness Scale for assessing chronotype, a detailed 24-hour dietary record for evaluating dietary intake, and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for accurate anthropometric measurements of body composition. The evening types had higher BMI, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, total fat mass, and lower body water ratio than the morning types. Positive correlations were found between sleep duration and body mass index, total fat mass, and fat percentage. The evening types tended to skip breakfast more frequently and had higher energy intake during dinners and snacks. Additionally, the evening types consumed more lipids, carbohydrates, sodium, and saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. These findings suggest that chronotype influences anthropometric measurements, nutritional habits, and meal energy distribution. These findings highlight the importance of considering chronotype characteristics to understand how body composition and dietary patterns interact, underscoring the need for customized interventions to promote healthier lifestyles.

KEYWORDS:

• Chronotypes
• circadian rhythm
• nutritional habits
• meal timing
• dietary choices

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank all the participants involved in this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Author contributions statement

GEB; To construct the hypothesis or idea of the research and/or article, To design and plan the methodology that will lead to obtaining results, To organize and oversee the implementation of the study and take responsibility for its progress, To provide the necessary personnel, space, financial resources, and equipment for the study, To take responsibility for case follow-up, data collection, organization, and reporting, conducting experiments, etc., To take responsibility for the evaluation and conclusion of the findings, To take responsibility for literature review, To take responsibility for writing the entire study or its main sections, Before submitting the study, independently evaluate the scientific aspect of the work, separate from language and stylistic revisions.

DÖE; To construct the hypothesis or idea of the research and/or article, To design and plan the methodology that will lead to obtaining results, To organize and oversee the implementation of the study and take responsibility for its progress, To take responsibility for the evaluation and conclusion of the findings, To take responsibility for literature review, To take responsibility for writing the entire study or its main sections, Before submitting the study, independently evaluate the scientific aspect of the work, separate from language and stylistic revisions.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.