COVID-19 Phobia in the United States: Validation of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-SE)

Abstract

This study validated the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-SE) based on data collected from 227 adults in the United States. Results indicated that the C19P-SE has adequate reliability (α = .93) along with factorial, discriminant, and convergent validity. Results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the four-factor structure of the C19P-SE. Concurrent validity results indicate a significant positive correlation between coronaphobia and state anxiety (r = .67, p < .001), suggesting that individuals with higher levels of coronaphobia may also have higher levels of state anxiety or vice versa. Further, we found a multivariate difference in coronaphobia between men and women.

Acknowledgments

The review has not been published anywhere or has not currently being assessed for publication by any journal. All the authors contributed sufficiently in the work to take responsibility for appropriate portions of the content.

Disclosure statement

The authors have no competing interests to declare. It has not been received any financial support for this review.