The rate of co-dependence in spouses and relatives of alcoholics on the basis of the Cermak co-dependence scale

Abstract

To create a basis for empirical studies of co-dependence in substance use disorders, Cermak in 1986 suggested a model for diagnostic criteria similar to the DSM type of criteria. In the present study the Cermak criteria were applied to 41 relatives of alcoholics. To validate the co-dependence scale, the following instruments were used: Coping Behavior Scale, Hardship Scale, Symptom Checklist (SCL-90), Trait Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), and The Interview Schedule for Social Interaction (ISSI). The optimal cut-off was 2 of 4 main criteria and 3 of 10 psychiatric symptoms. With this cut-off point, 44% of the relatives met the criteria of co-dependence: 17% males and 83% females. Co-dependence defined in this manner was related to coping style (fear withdrawal) and hardship of the relationship but not to the severity of psychopathology or personality. In conclusion, it was possible to measure the concept of co-dependence and validate it against coping style and hardship.