Pore-structure characterisation of tectonically deformed shales: a case study of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in western Hunan Province, southern China

Abstract

The impacts of tectonic deformation on pore structure of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shales in southern China were studied on tectonically deformed shales. Core description, thin-section observation, total organic carbon, X-ray diffraction, low-pressure gas (N₂ and CO₂) adsorption, mercury intrusion capillary pressure and field emission-scanning electron microscopy experiments were performed. The undeformed shale (UDS), brittle deformed shale (BDS) and ductile deformed shale (DDS) can be sorted based on the variability of original texture, fabric and structure properties of the shale samples. In addition, shale samples with different deformation mechanisms have various pore-structure characteristics. Organic matter pores and interparticle pores in clay minerals are the dominant pore types in the selected shale samples. The BDS sample has a greater proportion of macropores (or micro-fractures), indicating brittle tectonic deformation has a significant effect on the development of macropores in shales. In contrast, the DDS sample has more micropores than the UDS and BDS samples, suggesting ductile tectonic deformation may damage larger pores owing to the compression by complex tectonic stress.

Keywords:

• Wufeng-Longmaxi shale
• tectonically deformed shale
• ductile deformed shale
• brittle deformed shale
• pore-structure characterisation
• western Hunan Province

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the editors and reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 41502123 and No. U1562215] and the National Major Project of China [No. 2017ZX05035-002 and No. 201605034-001].