Vitreomacular disorders: a review of the classification, pathogenesis and treatment paradigms including new surgical techniques

ABSTRACT

This review explores how optical coherence tomography has guided our assessment of vitreomacular disorders. Vitreomacular disorders (VMD), such as macular holes and epiretinal membranes are common and potentially sight threatening. The introduction and widespread use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging technology has transformed our ability to visualise the vitreoretinal interface. This review discusses the pathogenesis and updated classification scheme for VMD in the OCT era. Imaging biomarkers and the treatment algorithm, including the role of novel therapeutics, for managing patients with VMD are presented.

KEYWORDS:

• Vitreomacular disorders
• vitreomacular interface
• vitreomacular traction
• macular hole
• lamellar hole
• epiretinal membrane
• posterior vitreous detachment

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.