http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4550-415X
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ABSTRACT
Background: Natural killer (NK) cells are the potential modulators of inflammatory reactions that exert several unique biological effects and could lead to future adverse events of coronary artery disease (CAD).
Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to find out the possible association of modulation in NK cell, TNK cells, T cells, B cells, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in CAD patients and various forms of myocardial infarction.
Methods: The present study included total 190 subjects (98 confirmed CAD patients both men and women and 92 healthy control individuals). Serum concentration of TNF-α was measured by ELISA method. For the measurement of various immune cells, viz., NK cell, TNK cells, T cells, and B cells, flow-cytometric analysis was performed.
Results: A significant reduction by 15% (P < 0.001) in CD16/CD56 NK cells was observed in CAD patients. Moreover, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), unstable angina (UA), and combined UA + NSTEMI group also showed a significant decline in NK cells compared with control individuals. CD16/CD56/CD3 TNK cells showed a significant reduction in CAD, NSTEMI, STEMI, and UA categories. However, UA + NSTEMI group did not show any significant change in TNK cells. On the other hand, the level of TNF-α was found to be significantly elevated in CAD, STEMI, and UA groups. NSTEMI and combined UA + NSTEMI group did not show any significant change in TNF-α level.
Conclusion: Current study provides an insight toward the association of immune cells and inflammation with CAD.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge Science and Technology Unit, King Abdulaziz University, for technical support.
Declaration of interests
The authors report no conflicts of interest.
Funding
This project was funded by the National Plan for Science Technology and Innovation (MAARIFAH), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (award number 11-BIO-2020-03). The authors also acknowledge Science and Technology Unit, King Abdulaziz University, for technical support.