Acute Lead Intoxication in a Group of Demolition Workers

Abstract

Workers were assessed during four phases of a demolition project during which the burning of lead-based paint occurred. Changes in work practices (sandblasting paint off before cutting) and attention to hygiene resulted in significantly lower exposure to, and absorption of, lead in succeeding phases of the project. The mean blood lead levels were 59, 30, 19, and 16 μg/100 ml, respectively. As the exposure and absorption of lead decreased, symptom prevalences declined.

Significant exposure to lead may occur when metal structures coated with lead-based paint are demolished. Strict attention to hygiene and work practices is necessary to help to control worker absorption of lead. Sandblasting the metal structure prior to the actual cutting is recommended as a simple, effective method of reducing exposure to lead fume. The importance of the responsibility of management to be cognizant that a risk is present and to ensure adequate measures are taken to educate workers, control exposure, and monitor airborne exposure and lead absorption is emphasized.