Clinical Applications of the TMJ Scale™

Abstract

The clinical use of the TMJ Scale™ with individual patients having TM disorders is described using several case examples. Areas of predicted physical and psychosocial dysfunction using this test agree well with history and clinical examination results in these patients. The case examples demonstrate the capability of the TMJ Scale to detect and describe the multidimensional symptom state found in individual patients having complex TM disorders.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Thomas F. Lundeen

Thomas F. Lundeen, D.M.D.

Dr. Lundeen received his D.M.D. from the University of Kentucky in 1977. He then joined the faculty of the University of North Carolina School of Dentistry where he is currently an associate professor of Operative Dentistry. Dr. Lundeen has published more than 30 scientific papers on a wide variety of topics in dentistry and oral facial pain. He has lectured widely in the United States and Europe.

Dr. Lundeen started treating patients with chronic oral-facial pain in 1978. In 1985, he became the dental director of The Clinical Pain Program, a multidisciplinary tertiary care clinic for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain. He is a member of the American Dental Association, North Carolina Dental Association, the International Association for the Study of Pain, the American Pain Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the American Association for Artificial Intelligence.

Stephen R. Levitt

Stephen R. Levitt, M.D., Ph.D.

Dr. Levitt received his Ph.D. in 1969 from the S.U.N.Y. College of Ceramics at Alfred University where he studied apatite solids. At Ferro Corporation, he directed research programs in composites and biomaterials. He was a post doctoral research fellow in biomaterials at Case Western Reserve University where he received his M.D. in 1976. His psychiatry residency was at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where he is presently clinical assistant professor of psychiatry. In addition to private practice, Dr. Levitt is consultant to the clinical pain program at the U.N.C. Schools of Dentistry and Medicine.

Dr. Levitt founded the Pain Resource Center in 1982 where he pioneered development of computerized testing for chronic pain. He has authored educational programs on chronic pain for clinicians and patients and has written numerous scientific publications. Dr. Levitt is a member of the American Psychiatric Association, North Carolina Medical Society, International Association for the Study of Pain, American Pain Society, and Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine.

Michael W. McKinney

Michael W. McKinney, Ph.D.

Dr. McKinney received his M.A. and Ph. D. from the Division of Social Sciences at the University of Maryland at College Park. There he specialized in computer-based behavioral research and survey research methodology. He has taught courses in applied social science statistics at Georgia Tech in Atlanta, at North Carolina State University in Raleigh, and at North Carolina Central University in Durham where he is currently a professor in the public administration program and teaches graduate and undergraduate courses in applied statistics.

Dr. McKinney has been a visiting scholar at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a Woodrow Wilson scholar at the University of Maryland, and has published a substantial number of articles on survey research analysis and questionnaire design. He has consulted for several government agencies in North Carolina in the area of behavior research and applied statistics, and is currently vice president of Pain Resource Center, Inc.