Average chewing pattern improvements following Disclusion Time reduction

Abstract

Objectives: Studies involving electrognathographic (EGN) recordings of chewing improvements obtained following occlusal adjustment therapy are rare, as most studies lack ‘chewing’ within the research. The objectives of this study were to determine if reducing long Disclusion Time to short Disclusion Time with the immediate complete anterior guidance development (ICAGD) coronoplasty in symptomatic subjects altered their average chewing pattern (ACP) and their muscle function.

Methods: Twenty-nine muscularly symptomatic subjects underwent simultaneous EMG and EGN recordings of right and left gum chewing, before and after the ICAGD coronoplasty. Statistical differences in the mean Disclusion Time, the mean muscle contraction cycle, and the mean ACP resultant from ICAGD underwent the Student’s paired t-test (α = 0.05).

Results: Disclusion Time reductions from ICAGD were significant (2.11–0.45 s. p = 0.0000). Post-ICAGD muscle changes were significant in the mean area (p = 0.000001), the peak amplitude (p = 0.00005), the time to peak contraction (p < 0.000004), the time to 50% peak contraction (p < 0.00001), and in the decreased number of silent periods per side (right p < 0.0000002; left p < 0.0000006). Post-ICAGD ACP changes were also significant; the terminal chewing position became closer to centric occlusion (p < 0.002), the maximum and average chewing velocities increased (p < 0.002; p < 0.00005), the opening and closing times, the cycle time, and the occlusal contact time all decreased (p < 0.004–0.0001).

Conclusion: The average chewing pattern (ACP) shape, speed, consistency, muscular coordination, and vertical opening improvements can be significantly improved in muscularly dysfunctional TMD patients within one week’s time of undergoing the ICAGD enameloplasty. Computer-measured and guided occlusal adjustments quickly and physiologically improved chewing, without requiring the patients to wear pre- or post-treatment appliances.

Keywords:

• Disclusion Time Reduction
• ICAGD coronoplasty
• ICAGD enameloplasty
• Average chewing pattern (ACP)
• T-Scan
• Electromyography (EMG)
• Electrognathography (EGN)

Acknowledgment

Tekscan, Inc. supplied T-Scan HD recording sensors for all occlusal analysis recording procedures.

BioResearch Associates supplied the JT-3D Electrognathograph and the BioEMG III. Electromyograph for all chewing function and muscle physiology recording procedures.

Funding

No funding agency provided significant monies in support of this research.

Notes

Presented at the Multidisciplinary TMD Conference, Madrid, Spain, February 2015.