The epidemiology, nature, and impact of eating and swallowing problems in adults presenting with temporomandibular disorders

ABSTRACT

Objective

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are the most common non-dental orofacial pain disorders. Research suggests that patients with TMDs experience eating and swallowing problems, although information is sparse, impacting effectiveness of management. Research aims were to investigate the epidemiology and impact of TMD-related eating and swallowing problems.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was completed in two national Irish specialist centers, with 126 participants with TMDs assessed using a specifically-devised protocol. Descriptive and statistical analyses were completed.

Results

Masticatory issues (95%), swallowing difficulties (53%), and weight loss (50%) were prevalent. Participants reported moderately severe eating and swallowing problems impacting participation and well-being across daily and social activities.

Discussion

A variety of eating and swallowing problems are reported by adults with TMDs, which impact functioning and psychosocial well-being. The need to improve clinical practice and research is argued. Future research should refine the original assessment protocol developed in this study.

KEYWORDS:

• Dysphagia
• swallowing disorders
• deglutition
• temporomandibular joint
• temporomandibular joint disorders
• prevalence
• epidemiology
• impact

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the support of Olivia Mason from the Centre for Support and Training in Analysis and Research, University College Dublin.

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest.