ABSTRACT
Objective
This review proposes a neurobiological model for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) associated with stress and anxiety.
Methods
An electronic search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Articles published up to 2020 were selected. The search terms were the following: temporomandibular disorders, anxiety, stress, neurobiology of stress and anxiety, and orofacial pain.
Results
In total, there were 100 studies, which presented a total of 10 different analyses. The results were described, demonstrating the type of analysis that was performed on each item analyzed for a better understanding of the context.
Conclusion
The conclusion is that the interactions between the masticatory system, temporomandibular joints (TMJs), and stomatognathic apparatus with “stress neuromatrix,” “pain neuromatrix,” “limbic system,” and “neuroimmunoendocrine system” would produce the range of changes observed in neural connectivity and the diversity of symptoms presented in TMD.
Disclosure Statement
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
Supplemental Material
Supplemental data for this article can be accessed on the publisher’s website