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Biofouling
The Journal of Bioadhesion and Biofilm Research
Volume 28, 2012 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Diversity in biofilm formation and production of curli fimbriae and cellulose of Salmonella Typhimurium strains of different origin in high and low nutrient medium

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Pages 51-63 | Received 17 Aug 2011, Accepted 08 Dec 2011, Published online: 11 Jan 2012
 

Abstract

The biofilm forming behavior of 51 Salmonella Typhimurium strains was determined in Tryptone Soya Broth (TSB) and 20 times diluted TSB (1/20TSB) at 25°C and 37°C. The results indicated that biofilm forming behavior is influenced by environmental conditions and associated with the origin of the strains. Clinical, outbreak-associated and retail product isolates showed dense biofilm formation in both media at 25°C, and in TSB also at 37°C. However, industrial isolates only showed dense biofilm formation in 1/20TSB at 25°C. By enumeration of biofilm cells, LIVE/DEAD staining and SEM analysis of biofilms it was found that the ratio of cells and extracellular matrix is affected by environmental conditions. Indeed, the genes involved in curli fimbriae and cellulose production are highly induced during biofilm formation at 25°C in 1/20TSB. This indicates that these are important matrix components during biofilm formation in 1/20TSB at 25°C and that other factors contribute to biofilm formation of clinical, outbreak-associated and retail product isolates at 37°C and/or nutrient-rich conditions.

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank Tiny Franssen-Verehijen of the Wageningen Electron Microscopy Centre (WEMC) for technical support with the SEM analysis.

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