Addressing Behavior and Policy Around Meat: Associating Factory Farming With Animal Cruelty “Works” Better Than Zoonotic Disease

ABSTRACT

Research on shifting attitudes or behaviors surrounding the use of animal products traditionally focuses on animal cruelty. How this approach may differ from exposure on the zoonotic disease transmission risk factory farms pose is unclear. The present study sought to examine how information regarding zoonotic disease may stimulate concern for animals/concern for human health, respectively, and thus predict lower willingness to consume meat, when compared with animal cruelty and a control condition. The extent to which such information could shift support for changing conditions on factory farms was also examined. In a preregistered experiment (n = 454), participants were exposed to an informative paragraph on either (a) zoonotic disease transmission risk from factory farming, (b) animal cruelty on factory farms, or (c) a control paragraph. Those in the animal-cruelty condition were significantly more likely to indicate lower meat consumption willingness and higher support for changing conditions on factory farms, when compared with the two other conditions. Concern for animal health and welfare mediated the relationship between the combined experimental conditions and both dependent variables, when compared with the control condition. Upon examining the moderating role of human supremacy beliefs (HSB), a conditional effect was found across all conditions, with higher HSB predicting higher meat consumption willingness and lower support for changing conditions on factory farms. This study offers evidence for the intervention potential of informative excerpts. These findings also emphasize animal cruelty as a more effective way to mobilize support for behaviors and policies aimed at reducing animal-product consumption.

KEYWORDS:

• Animal cruelty
• COVID-19
• factory farming
• human–animal interaction
• meat consumption
• zoonotic disease

Disclosure Statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

1 Those who self-identified as pescatarian, vegetarian, or vegan (n = 37) were retained in the analyses.

2 A multivariate analysis of variance indicated that there was no significant difference between the zoonotic condition and the control in predicting meat consumption willingness (M = –0.25, SE = 0.19, p = 0.176) or in predicting support for changing conditions on factory farms (M = 0.12, SE = 0.14, p = 0.384).