Spatial Modeling of Landscape Values: Discovering the Boundaries of Conflicts and Identifying Mutual Benefits as a Basis for Land Management

Abstract

Conflicting interests amongst different stakeholder groups regarding land use challenge the protection of natural values in socio-ecological systems (SES). In this paper we show, based on a case study of Israel’s Makhteshim Country National Park, how mapping the different interests and analyzing the data with a GIS system allows us to locate significant conflict points between groups. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 individuals from three major stakeholder groups in the region: semi-nomadic Bedouins, nature reserve rangers, and tourist operators. The qualitative findings were then mapped by a GIS platform. The mapping indicated that the stakeholder groups’ land-use is distributed in a manner that makes conflict unavoidable, but relatively limited to only certain specific areas. Moreover, in some areas, the three groups share similar or complementary values, reaping mutual benefits from shared use. We conclude that GIS mapping can serve as a powerful tool for conflict management in complex SES.

Keywords:

• Conflict resolution
• geographic information system
• landscape-values
• land-use
• social-ecological systems

Additional information

Funding

This study was made possible thanks to scholarships from the Albert Katz School for Desert Studies at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and the Dead Sea & Arava Science Center. We would also like to thank language editor Thom Rofè for her contribution to both the shaping of the narrative and the polishing of the writing style.