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ABSTRACT
Since the year 2000 over 300,000 military service members have been diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury/concussion. Consequently, this injury has become the subject of increased awareness and study within the military healthcare environment. Although single and/or isolated concussions typically heal in a relatively rapid fashion with limited to no long-term sequelae, there is debate in the field about the impact of repeat concussion. To this end, various ethical challenges arise when managing patients with such injuries. Several papers outlining these issues with regard to athletes have been published in the sports medicine literature. However, because providers caring for military service members must make return-to-duty-decisions, practice within the military setting results in a number of unique ethical considerations. More specifically, management of service members with a history of repeat concussion and increasingly complicated recoveries, as well as the potential for premature return-to-duty are topics of concern for military health care providers. Using the American Psychological Association ethical principles and standards, the current article outlines various ethical challenges to concussion management in the military setting. The ethical principles of Beneficence and Nonmaleficence and Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity, as well as the 3 related ethical standards of Competence, Avoiding Harm, and Conflict of Interest are discussed. Policy changes are highlighted as a proximal solution to these ethical challenges.