Synthesis and evaluation of modified lens using plasma treatment containing timolol-maleate loaded lauric acid-decorated chitosan-alginate nanoparticles for glaucoma

Abstract

Reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) with eye drops is one of the most common ways to control glaucoma. Low bioavailability and high frequency of administration in eye drops are major challenges in ocular pharmacotherapy. Contact lenses have attracted the attention of scientists in recent decades as an alternative method. In this study, with the aim of long-term drug delivery and better patient compatibility, contact lenses with surface modification and nanoparticles were used. In this study, timolol-maleate was loaded into polymeric nanoparticles made of chitosan conjugate with lauric acid and sodium alginate. Then silicon matrix was mixed with a curing agent (10:1), and the suspension of nanoparticles was added to the precursor and cured. Finally, for surface modification, the lenses were irradiated with oxygen plasma at different exposure times (30, 60, and 150 s) and soaked in different BSA concentrations (1, 3, and 5% w/v). The results showed nanoparticles with a size of 50 nm and a spherical shape were synthesized. The best surface modification of the lenses was for 5 (% w/v) albumin concentration and 150 s exposure time, which had the highest increase in hydrophilicity. Drug release from nanoparticles continued for 3 days and this amount increased to 6 days after dispersion in the modified lens matrix. The drug model and kinetic study show the Higuchi model completely supported the release profile. This study represents the novel drug delivery system to control intra-ocular pressure as a candidate platform for glaucoma treatment. Improved compatibility and drug release from the designed contact lenses would prepare new insight into the mentioned disease treatment.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Nanoparticles
• contact lenses
• BSA
• Timolol-Maleate
• glaucoma

Author contributions

Maryam Sadat Hosseini: Methodology, characterization, writing original draft, visualization. Mojdeh Mohseni: Conceptualization, supervision, manuscript editing, characterization, validation. Masood Naseripour: Funding acquisition, review. Mehdi Mirzaei: Review. Kowsar Bagherzadeh: Writing and review. Sayyed Amirpooya Alemezadeh: Advising. Bita Mehravi: Conceptualization, supervision, funding acquisition.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The source of data and materials should be mentioned in the manuscript, in support of the findings.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.