On the energy flux through a uniaxial chiral metamaterial made circular waveguide under PMC boundary

Abstract

Propagation of electromagnetic waves through a circular waveguide consisting of uniaxial anisotropic chiral metamaterial is studied. The outer surface of the guide is assumed to be coated with a perfect magnetic conductor material. The characteristic eigenvalue equation corresponding to the guided modes is deduced followed by the investigation of the cut-off frequencies and the flow of energy flux considering three different kinds of uniaxial chiral metamaterials. The propagation of negative energy flux through the metamaterial medium is found, which leads toward the phenomenon of backward waves in uniaxial anisotropic chiral mediums. This feature is found to be greatly dependent on the type of the chiral material used in the waveguide medium.

Acknowledgments

The authors are indebted to the two anonymous reviewers for pointing out some errors. Also, they gratefully acknowledge the fruitful suggestions made by the reviewers to elevate the status of the manuscript. This work is partially supported by the Fundamental Research Grant Project (FRGS/1/2011/TK/UKM/01/16) by the Ministry of Higher Education (Malaysia); the authors are thankful to the Ministry.