Nearfield radio link of normal mode helical antenna for wireless capsule endoscopy

Abstract

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is designed to monitor the physical data from inside human stomach and gastro intestine (GI) tract and transfer data to the receiver device. Normal mode helical antenna (NMHA) that has high efficiency at a small size is selected for WCE. To clarify the radio wave communication link budget in the dielectric environment is crucial. In this paper, NMHA for WCE system at 402 MHz along with a link budget analysis is presented. The transmitter uses NMHA embedded in a cylindrical phantom mimicking human stomach tissue, whereas the receiver uses another NMHA located outside the body. The NMHA dimension of height and diameter are 18 mm × 11 and 37 mm × 18 mm respectively. Through this study, a novel method of analytical equations for the radio wave communication link in human body are derived. From the good agreement between simulated and measured S21, the effectiveness of derived equations is ensured.

KEYWORDS:

• NMHA
• nearfield
• human body
• WCE

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the University of Malaya (GPF015A-2019) and Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) Malaysia through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2018/TK04/UTM/02/16).

Notes on contributors

Norsiha Zainudin

Norsiha Zainudin received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia, in 2008 and 2013, respectively. Currently, she is pursuing her Ph.D. degree at Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Her research interests include analysis and design of electromagnetic structures with application to antennas, antenna for healthcare applications and microwave communication systems.

Tarik Abdul Latef

Tarik Abdul Latef received the B.Sc. degree in electrical and electronic engineering from the University of Oita, Japan, in 1997, the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Leeds, and the Ph.D. degree from the University of Sheffield, U.K., in 2005 and 2011, respectively. Since 2011, he has been a Senior Lecturer with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia. His research interests include conformal antennas, frequency independence antennas, array design, dielectric resonator antennas, and superconducting metamaterial antenna.

Yoshihide Yamada

Yoshihide Yamada received the B.E. and M.E. degrees on electronics from Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan in 1971 and 1973, respectively. And he received the D.E. degree on electrical engineering from Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan in 1989. In 1973, he joined the Electrical Communication Laboratories of Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT). In 2014, he had started working as a professor at Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Now, his research interests are in the field of very small antennas, array antennas, aperture antennas and electromagnetic simulation of radar cross section.

Kamilia Kamardin

Kamilia Kamardin received her B.Eng. Electronic (Communications) from the University of Sheffield, U.K., in 2004 and obtained her M.Sc. in Information Technology (Data Communications and Networking) from Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Malaysia in 2007. She received her Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering (Communications) from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia in 2014. Currently she serves as a senior lecturer at department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), UTM Kuala Lumpur. Her research interests include antennas, wireless communication, wearable communication, body centric communication, metamaterials, and Internet of Things (IoT).

Narendra Kumar Aridas

Narendra Kumar Aridas received his doctorate degree in electrical engineering from RWTH Technical University Aachen, Aachen, Germany. He was with R&D, Motorola Solutions since early 1999 and holding position of Principal Staff Engineer (Architect Designer). Since August 2013, he is with Department of Electrical Engineering of University Malaya.

Nur Amalina Kamaruddin

Nur Amalina Kamaruddin received the B.Sc. degree from UniMap, Perlis, Malaysia and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), UTM Kuala Lumpur, in 2021. Her research interests are antenna design for implantable application.

Noorlindawaty Md Jizat

Noorlindawaty Md Jizat is currently working as a Lecturer at Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University (MMU), Cyberjaya, Malaysia. She obtained the Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (Telecommunication) degree from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in 2008. She then received her Master from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Her research interests cover the field of Beamforming network, Smart Antenna, Switching Network.