Prognostic Factors for Outcome after Vitrectomy for Retinal Detachment Secondary to Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Patients with AIDS: A Retrospective Single-center Analysis

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To analyze the clinical characteristics and relevant prognostic factors of vitrectomy for retinal detachment (RD) secondary to cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Methods: This study involved 39 eyes that underwent vitrectomy. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), CD4⁺ cell counts, retinal attachment rate, and prognostic factors were assessed 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.

Results: The rate of retinal attachment at 1 month (87.2%) was higher than at 3 (82.1%) and 6 (71.8%) months. Factors significantly related with recurrent RD at 6 months were CD4⁺ cell count <50 cell/µL (p = .000) and relaxed retinotomy (p = .002). Factors significantly related with the visual (≤logMAR1.0) prognosis at 6 months include band keratopathy (p = .015) and macular involvement by the RD (p = .012).

Conclusion: CD4⁺ cell counts <50 cell/µL and relaxed retinotomy are associated with worse prognosis, while band keratopathy and macular involvement by the RD are related to poorer vision.

KEYWORDS:

• Retinal detachment
• cytomegalovirus retinitis
• AIDS
• CD4+ cell counts
• vitrectomy

Disclosure of interest

The authors report no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.