Characteristics, Etiology, and Clinical Outcome of Retinal Vasculitis in Tertiary Hospital in Thailand

ABSTRACT

Objective

To analyze characteristics, etiology, and outcome of retinal vasculitis in Central Thailand.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study.

Results

Retinal vasculitis was found in 10% of uveitis, 74 from 741 uveitis, noninfectious (64.9%) and infectious group (35.1%). The most common cause was Behcet’s disease (48.6%). Behcet’s disease was the most common cause of all types of vascular leakage on angiography, including capillary (80.4%), venous (56.3%), and arterial leakage (56%). Final visual acuity was 0.86 ± 0.97 logMAR. Cataract was the most frequent complication (42.5%). Acute clinical course (p = .025) and retinal neovascularization (p = .031) were associated with infectious group. Forty-three percent of vasculitis complicated by ischemia required photocoagulation (33%) and anti-VEGF injection (17%). Furthermore, 17% of vasculitis underwent vitrectomy.

Conclusion

One-half of the retinal vasculitis in Central Thailand were Behcet’s disease. Acute onset and retinal neovascularization may suggest infectious etiology. Retinal ischemia should be cautious and undergo early interventions to prevent sight-threatening complications.

KEYWORDS:

• Corticosteroid
• etiology
• fluorescein angiography
• outcome
• retinal vasculitis
• Thailand
• uveitis

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported that there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.