Clinical and Microbiological Manifestations of Endogenous Endophthalmitis in Tertiary Care Hospital, Northern Thailand

ABSTRACT

Purpose

To determine the characteristics, primary sources, pathogens, risk factors, and visual outcomes in patients with endogenous endophthalmitis (EE).

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study of 61 consecutive patients with EE (74 affected eyes) and reported on prevalence, clinical courses, prognostic factors and visual outcomes.

Results

Prevalence of EE was 5% of all patients with endophthalmitis. Among culture-positive cases (89%), Gram-positive species dominating (69%) followed by Gram-negative with 22% and fungal species with 9%. Regarding to visual outcomes, the mean visual acuity (VA, ETDRS letters) at baseline, 3-months, 6-months and 1-year follow-up was 0.85, 9, 8 and 9, respectively. Initial VA of hand movement or better (P 0.007) and bilateral infection (P 0.004) were associated with better visual outcome.

Conclusion

The prognosis for EE remained poor despite aggressive and immediate treatment. The high suspicion, early diagnosis and prompt treatment are important factors that might lead to the better outcome.

KEYWORDS:

• Endogenous
• endophthalmitis
• visual outcome
• prognostic factors
• Northern Thailand

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Authors’ contributions

P.K. and P.T. contributed the concept of the study. P.T. collected the data. P.K., J.C., D.P., N.W., V.C., K.P., and A.R. reviewed manuscript and statistical analysis. All authors reviewed a final manuscript and gave final approval version to be published.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the University Research Ethics Committee, study code: OPT-2562–06185/research ID:6185.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.