Temperature effects on (1+1)-dimensional steady-state bright spatial solitons in biased photorefractive crystals with both the linear and quadratic effects

Abstract

The temperature effects on the intensity profile, self-deflection process, and stability of (1 + 1)-dimensional steady-state bright solitons resulting from both the linear and quadratic electro-optic effects are comprehensively analyzed. Moreover, three physical factors, i.e. diffusion effect, dark irradiance, and the dielectric constant, have been investigated through the theoretical analysis to determine which one dominates the temperature dependence of intensity profile and self-deflection of bright solitons. It is also found that the incident beam evolves into stable bright solitons in the vicinity of initial temperature, but oscillates or even collapses when the crystal temperature deviates significantly from the initial temperature.

Keywords:

• Photorefractive effect
• spatial optical soliton
• electro-optic effect
• temperature effect

Funding

This work was supported by Program for Innovation Research of Science in Harbin Institute of Technology [grant number PIRS OF HIT A201414].

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.