Beam wander and M²-factor of partially coherent electromagnetic hollow Gaussian beam propagating through non-Kolmogorov turbulence

Abstract

Propagation formulae for M²-factor and beam wander of partially coherent electromagnetic hollow Gaussian (PCEHG) beam in non-Kolmogorov turbulence are derived based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle and the second-order moments of the Wigner distribution function. Our results indicate that the normalized M²-factors of PCEHG beam with larger beam order, waist width, inner scale of turbulence, the generalized exponent parameter, and smaller transverse coherent widths, outer scale of turbulence, the generalized structure parameter are less affected by the turbulence. The root mean square beam wander and relative beam wander are more obvious for PCEHG beam with smaller beam order, larger inner and outer scales of turbulence, exponent parameter, transverse coherent widths, and the generalized structure parameter. What is more, the beam wander properties of PCEHG beam in non-Kolmogorov turbulence are very different from M²-factor and spreading properties of beam in turbulence.

Keywords:

• Partially coherent electromagnetic hollow Gaussian beam
• non-Kolmogorov turbulence
• M²-factor
• beam wander

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.