A prospective study among neonates born to mothers with active or past Graves disease

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this prospective study was to describe demographic and clinical characteristics of neonates born to mothers with active or past Graves disease and to assess compliance since implementation of a new protocol in our center.

Methods

We prospectively followed up neonates born to mothers with active or past Graves disease in a tertiary hospital in Spain between August 2019 and September 2021 according to our protocol. We reviewed maternal and neonatal history of these neonates, and we followed up newborns at risk of neonatal hyperthyroidism.

Results

Among 5808 births, 33 neonates were born to mothers with active or past Graves disease (0.57%). Six mothers (18.2%) had positive levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies during pregnancy and five mothers (15.1%) between weeks 20 and 24 of pregnancy. Two of them had received definitive therapy for Graves disease before pregnancy. Two neonates (7.1%) were at high risk of neonatal hyperthyroidism and were followed-up until two months, without hyperthyroidism signs or abnormal thyroid hormone levels. Compliance of protocol during pregnancy was 84.9% and 75.8% at birth.

Conclusions

Prevalence of Graves disease among pregnant women was 0.57%, with no cases of neonatal hyperthyroidism. Compliance of protocol was adequate during pregnancy (84.9%) and acceptable at birth (75.8%).

摘要

目的：这项前瞻性研究的目的是描述患有活动性或既往 Graves 病的母亲所生新生儿的人口统计学和临床特征, 并评估在我们中心实施新方案以来患者的遵从性。

方法：根据我们的方案, 对2019 年 8 月至 2021 年 9 月期间在西班牙一家三级医院对患有活动性或既往 Graves 病的母亲所生的新生儿进行了前瞻性随访。我们回顾了这些新生儿的母亲孕期和新生儿病史, 并对有新生儿甲状腺功能亢进风险的新生儿进行了随访。

结果：在 5808 名新生儿中, 33 名新生儿的母亲患有活动性或既往 Graves 病（0.57%）。六名母亲（18.2%）在怀孕期间促甲状腺激素受体抗体呈阳性水平, 五名母亲（15.1%）在怀孕第 20 周至 24 周期间出现阳性水平。其中两人在怀孕前接受了Graves 病的明确治疗。两名新生儿（7.1%）处于新生儿甲状腺功能亢进的高风险中, 并被随访至两个月, 没有甲状腺功能亢进迹象或甲状腺激素水平异常。怀孕期间患者的遵从性为 84.9% , 出生时为 75.8%。

结论：孕妇 Graves 病患病率为 0.57%, 无新生儿甲亢病例。怀孕期间患者对方案的遵从性是充分的（84.9%）, 在出生时是可以接受的（75.8%）。

Keywords:

• Graves disease
• hyperthyroidism
• thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies
• newborn
• pregnancy

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflict of interest