Depression, anxiety, body image scores, and sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome according to phenotypes

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been linked to both mental and metabolic disturbances. The purpose of this research was to investigate psychological features such as anxiety and depression, body image, sexual dysfunction, and associated factors among the PCOS phenotypes and to compare these with healthy controls. Methods: The study involved 167 reproductive-age women with PCOS and 73 healthy controls. Standardized scales assessing depression (the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]), depression and anxiety (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] and the General Health Questionnaire [GHQ]), and body image scale (the Body Cathexis Scale [BCS]) were administered to all participants. Hirsutism scores, serum androgen levels, and metabolic parameters were recorded. Results: Significantly higher BDI, HADS depression, and GHQ scores, and a more negative body image in terms of BCS scores were observed in the women with PCOS than in the healthy controls. BDI scores were significantly higher in phenotypes A, B, and D compared with the healthy controls. No significant difference was observed in BDI and HADS depression scores among the phenotypes. Significant differences were observed only between phenotype A and the control group in terms of HADS depression and GHQ scores. BCS scores were significantly higher in phenotypes A, B, and C than in the healthy controls. No significant difference was determined in Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) scores between the PCOS phenotypes and the healthy controls. When all participants were divided into three groups based on body mass index (BMI), a statistically significant difference was observed only between the phenotype A lean group (BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m²) and the control group in terms of BDI, HADS depression, and BCS scores. Conclusions: BDI, HADS depression scores, and GHQ scores were all higher in patients with PCOS compared with the healthy controls. These features were more pronounced in phenotypes A and B, including hyperandrogenism and oligo-anovulation. Physicians should be aware of the high risk of these disorders in women with PCOS.

摘要

背景

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)与精神、代谢紊乱有关。本研究目的是调查心理特征, 如焦虑和抑郁, 身体形象, 性功能障碍, 以及PCOS表型中的相关因素, 并将这些因素与健康对照组进行比较。

方法

研究纳入167名育龄期多囊卵巢综合征女性和73名健康对照。对所有受试者进行抑郁(贝克抑郁量表[BDI])、抑郁和焦虑(医院焦虑和抑郁量表[HADS]和基本健康问卷[GHQ])和身体形象量表(身体组织量表[BCS])的标准化评估。记录多毛症评分、血清雄激素水平和代谢参数。

结果

与健康对照组相比, 多囊卵巢综合征患者的BDI、HADS抑郁和GHQ得分显著升高, 提示身体形象的BCS得分更为负面。与健康对照组相比, A、B和D表型的BDI得分显著升高。各表型间BDI和HADS抑郁得分无显著差异。表型A组和对照组在haDs抑郁和GHQ评分方面存在显著差异。A、B和C表型的BCS得分显著高于健康对照组。PCOS表型与健康对照组女性性功能指数(FSFI)得分无显著差异。当所有受试者根据体重指数(BMI)分为三组时, 只有瘦型组(BMI: 18.5 ∼ 24.9 kg/m2)与对照组在BDI、HADS抑郁和BCS得分方面存在统计学差异。

结论

PCOS患者的BDI、HADS抑郁得分和GHQ得分均高于健康对照组。这些特征在A和B表型中更为明显, 包括高雄激素和排卵障碍。医生应该意识到多囊卵巢综合征女性具有高风险得这些疾病。

Keywords:

• Phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome
• depression
• anxiety
• body image
• sexual dysfunction

关键词:

• 多囊卵巢综合征表型
• 抑郁
• 焦虑
• 身体形象
• 性功能障碍

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.