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ABSTRACT
Digital transformation is driving the emergence of a new breed of organisations able to scale quickly, innovate throughout their processes, and lead industries and markets. In particular, the increasing adoption of cognitive technologies, like artificial intelligence, advanced analytics, high-performing computing and cyber-physical systems, allow organisations to create new value based on increased reactivity and resilience, situational awareness, agility and operational excellence. Although the idea of cognitive enterprise is rapidly emerging in the practitioner discussion, a theoretical framing of the concept is still not present in literature. We conduct a systematic review of extant contributions and we extract elements related to two key dimensions represented by the cognitive technological infrastructure (i.e. technologies and data) and the cognitive organizational architecture (i.e. processes and capabilities). We use the outcomes of the review work to define: (a) the pillars of the cognitive enterprise; (b) a framework of cognitive maturity stages; and (c) the enhanced value creation capabilities of the cognitive enterprise. The article provides a literature-derived definition of the cognitive enterprise and guidelines to support managers in the cognitive transformation of their organisations.
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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors).
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Notes on contributors
Gianluca Elia
Gianluca Elia is a senior researcher and assistant professor of ‘Digital Business’ at the Department of Engineering for Innovation of the University of Salento (Italy). He holds the qualification for the role of associate professor. He conducts and coordinates project activities focused on technology-based innovation, collective intelligence and technology entrepreneurship. He was a visiting researcher at the Peking University (PKU) and Renmin University in Beijing (China) and a Research Affiliate at the CCI – Center for Collective Intelligence of MIT Sloan (USA). He is an Innovation Manager recognised by the Italian Ministry of Economic Development.
Alessandro Margherita
Alessandro Margherita* (PhD) is a senior researcher and assistant professor of ‘Management Systems’ at the Department of Engineering for Innovation of the University of Salento (Italy). He holds the qualification for the role of associate professor. His research and teaching activities are focused on organisational transformation, process management and technology entrepreneurship. He was a visiting researcher at the Peking University (PKU) and a Research Affiliate at the CCI – Center for Collective Intelligence of MIT Sloan (USA). He is an Innovation Manager recognised by the Italian Ministry of Economic Development.