Infant-feeding pattern of HIV-positive women in a prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programme

Abstract

Objectives. To evaluate the infant-feeding choices, practices and possible determinants among HIV-positive women enrolled in a prevention of mother-to-child transmission programme in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods. A cross-sectional survey involving HIV-positive women who had received infant-feeding counselling prior to delivery. A structured questionnaire was administered at ≤ 72 hrs and not ≥ 6 weeks of delivery and was complemented with an in-depth interview. Results. A total of 241 women were studied. The choice of infant feeding was formula for 223 (93.5%) and in actual practice, 9 (3.7%) mothers admitted mixed feeding. There was no statistical significant difference between the feeding pattern and the socio-demographic characteristics. The major factor influencing the choice of infant feeding was “The desire to reduce the risk of transmission” which was recorded among 204 (84.6%) of the women. Greatest support in maintaining infant-feeding option was the spouse (36.1%). From the in-depth interview of 23 non-breastfeeding (infant formula) mothers, the major challenge faced was stigmatisation. Conclusion. Despite the premium placed on breastfeeding in this locality, with infant-feeding counselling, most HIV-positive women chose and practiced formula feeding. It is necessary to address how best HIV-positive mothers could handle or overcome criticisms and stigmatisation by others.

Keywords:

• infant feeding
• HIV-positive women
• counselling
• breastfeeding
• formula feeding
• Nigeria

Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the contribution of Dr Justus Jiboye who assisted in data entry. We also acknowledge the support of the President's Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), sponsor of the Paediatric HIV programme in the University College Hospital, Ibadan.