The impact of depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms on physical health perceptions and functional impairment among sexual minority men living with HIV with histories of trauma

ABSTRACT

Mental health symptoms may compromise health-related quality of life (HRQOL), including among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV, who experience high rates of trauma and other stressors. This study sought to examine the relative contributions of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depression symptoms, and biological indices of HIV disease status on HRQOL in this population. Participants were 79 MSM with HIV (49% White; 35% Black; 8% Hispanic/Latinx) with trauma histories (52% met current PTSD diagnostic criteria). HRQOL outcomes were general perceptions of health (0–100 visual analog scale) and functional disability (WHODAS 2.0). Dominance analysis was applied to examine the relative share of variance in these outcomes accounted for by PTSD symptom severity, depression symptom severity, viral suppression status, and CD4 count. Depression symptom severity accounted for 70% and 92% of variance in perceived health, respectively, across models (p’s < 0.05). Both PTSD symptom severity (45%) and depression symptom severity (43%) scores also accounted for significant variance in functional disability (p’s < 0.05). Medical indices of HIV disease progression did not explain significant variance in HRQOL in any model. A trauma-informed approach may aid clinicians in interpreting reports of health and physical functioning in MSM with HIV.

KEYWORDS:

• HIV
• men who have sex with men
• trauma
• depression
• health-related quality of life
• minority stress model

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank all those who volunteered to participate in this study, without whom this work would not have been possible.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by funding from The Fenway Institute, NIH ( grant number T32AI007433) and the Ontario HIV Treatment Network.